The Ranking For Sources Of Energy Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 16 Words: 4661 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? This assignment can be divided into five main parts. Profile of the past is the first part of this assignment. In this first part, I will explain the sources of energy that give me the greatest sense of enjoyment, personal satisfaction and dissatisfaction, anxiety, discontent and so forth. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Ranking For Sources Of Energy Business Essay" essay for you Create order Other than describing the energy, I also listed out the attributes that motivate and discourage me to enter the business. I will also describe my personal history such as the jobs that I did before. Lastly, I will reveal my business hero that has been acting as role model in my future life. In the second part, I will focus on the profile from the present that is related to my strengths and weaknesses. My personal strengths and weaknesses can be determined after answering the questions that related to our attitudes and behaviors. The third part is about getting feedbacks from my friends about my personal attitude and behaviors. The following part of this assignment is about assessing my personal entrepreneurial strategy. In the last part in this assignment, I will set the short term goal, long term goal, as well as final goal that I need to accomplish when I reach the age of 70. Apart from that, the goals need to be accomplished in the next four years. Other than accomplishin g goals, I will describe the possible problems, obstacles, inconsistencies and the methods to solve these problems. 2.0 Profile of the Past 2.1 Personal Preferences The few sources of energy that gives me the greatest amount of enjoyment, personal satisfaction are shown below: Listening music is one of the ways to release stress. Music such as sentimental, classical and other types of music that is soothing to the ears can create certain frequencies and wave lengths that are able to relax the brain, hence helps in thinking and focusing in something one is doing. Travelling is another activity that gives me the great amount of enjoyment. Learning and understanding other countries cultures are not only interesting, but also will increase my knowledge about their cultural differences. Besides that, taking a break and go travelling in a totally new environment could completely put off my stress while meeting new people, breathing new air and seeing the wonderful environment that I never see before. Reading magazines such as National Geographic, Times and Readers Digest increase my awareness on current information like fashion, interesting places for travelling, and so forth. Some of the articles bring motivation in my life that helps in my relationship with people, studies and many important aspects of my life. Shopping is the best and fastest way to take a break from my stress. Staying in a city, there are many easily accessible shopping malls that I can go to. I gain happiness when I get to purchase my favorite products especially in lower prices. Sometimes, it is satisfying by just having windows shopping, walking around and seeing things only. The cold air-conditioned environment and beautiful decorations in the malls are something that I could enjoy too. Nonetheless, there are a few source of energy (Leakage) that makes me have dissatisfaction, anxiety; discontent. The leakages are as follows: Personal financial problems is an obstacles to almost all source of energy because all of them require monetary costs if I would like to have them. Therefore, my positive source of energy is affected by these lea kages which eventually bring all these negative feelings to me. Disagreement and conflict among family members is another source make me anxiety and discontent. Family members are important in my life and it deeply affects my emotions when conflicts happen. Downfall in academic achievement could affected my emotion and make me unhappy. Because I admit I am the person who place academic results at the important level. As students personal point, academic result is a ticket which can help us get the better working environment, working experience and knowledge. 2.1.3 Ranking for sources of energy The sources I will give energy had ranking are shown below: Travelling (2) Listening music (3) Shopping (4) Reading magazine The sources I will take energy had ranking are shown below: Personal financial problems (2) Disagreement among family members (3) Downfall in academic achievement In the 20 to 30 years, I want to become a successful entrepreneur and public listed my company on stock exchanges around the world. Due to this situation, I believe that I have an opportunity to have better luxury life style such as buying those branded and luxury products, staying in luxury residential, driving luxury cars and become Top 100 entrepreneur in the world. Apart from that, I hope that I will able works in anywhere and anytime and does not required necessary working 8 hours of a day and income have been more then billion per year. Disagreement and conflict among family members is the main source that make me repel my idea existence because some of my senior family th ink the sentence Every beginning is hard. Due to this sentence, my senior family will think it may have high percentage of risk- taking propensities and uncertainty of income when become an entrepreneurs in the beginning stage. Financial problem can also consider another source that make me repel my idea existence because to start my own business, it required some financial resources to support daily activities of the business. In conclusion, to make my desired lifestyle, work style and income happen within 20 to 30 years, I believe that I should have better problem solving skills to solve those conflicts occurs among my family members and persuade them the advantages become an entrepreneur. Besides that, improve my personal communication skills is a method can solve the financial problem before I start my own business because it can help me find more suitable business partner before start my business. 2.2 Idea Generation In first part of the idea generation, I will summarise 10 attributes that would energise me enter a business and 10 attributes would discourage me to enter a business. 10 attributes that would energise me enter the build my own business (Food and beverage restaurant) can be described in following which included high profit margin, growth of number of population , focus on market need, quality control, motivation, interest , self employment, passion, financial independent and freedom of speech. Food and beverage business is one type of business which are high profit margin and low production cost. Due to this situation, I can start my own business even through with little financial support. Self employment also knows as attribute that motivate me to enter the business because I need to have flexible working hour, dramatically income and financial independent. 10 attributes that discourage me to build my business are shown as below, which included high risk taker, require ad ditional skill and knowledge, economy unstable, family obligation, debt, indecision, hard to gain competitive advantages, stress, inadequate resources and healthy problem. Hard to gain more competitive advantages can be describing in the current market that exist too many competitors and with have high reputation in the market. Due to this problem, if I enter to the business, it makes my business hard to sustain and harder gain better competitive advantages among the competitors. Stress also known as the attribute that discourage me to enter the business because when in the beginning stage of new business, it may exist large amount of stress with the reasons monthly income is uncertainty, long hours of hard work and others. Rank the following in terms of importance to you in your entrepreneurial journey. Refer to appendix 9.1 After listed the attributed that would energise and discourage me enter the business, I can conclude that I would like to start my own business in someday because this is one of method can help me generate more money in the shorter time rather than long period time of working to get the consistency salary. The reasons that I would like start my own business are as show as below: First reason is to increase the quality of living style and then enjoy the luxury life. Second reason is to have financial independent so that I can do the things that bring advantages to me for instance buying the luxury items, invest the real state property, do some charities work to social and so forth. Lastly, I would like to make an impossible thing to happen possibility and let my personal history well know by everyone around the world, and act me as example of roles model for the next generation. 2.3 Personal History Before become full timer of TARC students I already have the one and half years working experience act as sales executive. Due to this working experience, I realized that if I work as sales executive for long term of period, it make me hard to fulfil my dream life. So I decided to quit this position then continue further study in TARC College to gain more additional knowledge. In TARC College with the duration three years, I also did some part time jobs such as acts as event crew for the PC fair in order to provide me some financial support and decrease burden of my parents. Gain some working experience before become TARC college student, which let me gain some advantages such as: Advantage in financial can be describing in I used my saving to paid the college tuition fees and other daily expenses rather than use my parents money. Advantage in mature mental compare with others can be describe due to I have few years working experience for sure my personal thinking will be more mature compare with others person who are same ages with me and never have working experience before. Skill of handle unexpected events occurs can be explain when I works as events crew, for sure they must occur many unexpected thing such as complaint by visitors and exhibitor of the events. Act as an events crew, our mission is to make sure the progress and activities of the events are running smoothly and without any complaint that received by the visitors and exhibitor. Due to have few years working experience, it already influenced in each of decision that I have make, because every time I make the decision, I will think properly and make sure the outcome can give me some positive impacts. Besides that, I also learned about myself, self-employment, employment, making money, managing people after having few years work experience. The things I have learned from myself is having more patience especially those work need high level of patient such as problem solving. Self-employment is start up own business and start being works for itself instead of working from an employer and obtain consistent amount of salary. Self employed knows as a business owner who owns a business company and control all the cash flow of the business. Employment is an opportunity to offer an employee to understand and learn the business details of the organisation. But then, I am very lucky to be recruited in the company act as sales executive. From there, I have learned the skills how to manage the business, problem solving skills communication skills and others relevant skills. Managing People is a person that supervises lower level position employees in the business to contribute somethings that is related to the business. For me, I have an opportunity to become a supervisor of sales executive to supervise other persons to make sure them contribute some benefits toward business. Money is an important thing that helps human to sustain itself. Act as sales executive, it help me have better understanding and influenced my mind the ways to making money in the shorter period of time. For example, one of the method is requires starting up my own business being myself as the boss and introduces products and services which can increase quality lifestyle of peoples. Furthermore, the activities I have participated from the previous are cash flow games created by Robert Kiyosaki. The lessons and insights emerged from the cash flow games; I believe that being myself as entrepreneur is a better ways to generate more capital in the shorter period of time. Apart from that, I also learn to becoming an entrepreneur so that I have benefit of financial independent and doing the things that can bring benefits toward me such as invest in the real estate , stock, saving plan and others. Due to this lesson and insights, I believe become an entrepreneur must have better knowledge, management skills, problem solving skills, critical thinking and s o forth. Become an entrepreneur, we have some characteristics for example always alertness to the changes of the environments, evaluate what are the strength, weaknesses, opportunity, threat of the business. 2.4 Role Model Business hero that I have admired is Steve Jobs. Steve Jobs was born on February 24, 1955. He knows as a successful entrepreneur and the one of the founder of Apple Inc. In year 1971, Steve Jobs enrolled at Homestead High School. After finished high school, he continues study at Reed College in Portland, Oregon and him dropped out of college after six months with the reason lacking direction. In year 1974, he works with Atari and act as video game designer. In 1976, when Steve Jobs was just 21, he and Wozniak started Apple Computers. Due to the financial problems of starting business he sold his Volkswagen bus in order to started Apple Computers. After Steve Jobs found Apple Inc, he introduced many technology products and services which included iPod, iPod, iPhone, Mac book and so forth. Other than introduced technology products, he also developed his own operating systems platform to gain the competitive advantages among the direct competitors. Due to serious health probl ems, On October 5, 2011, Apple Inc. announced that co-founder Steve Jobs had died and was 56 years old. Steve jobs have characteristic or positive traits are shown below: Focus, Focus and Focus can be describing should not try doing the multiple things in the business and focus more time on the single product or services. For instance, Apple founder focused on a few big products that will help him generate more money rather than create thousands of small ones. Magical thinking, Reality distortion field. According to Einstein state Imagine more important than knowledge. These sentences have been apply in Steven Jobs because he entered his reality distortion field and change the quality of life style of human. For example, he introduces SIRI into his products to reduce the effort when human communicate with the machine. Areas that make me admired to Steven Paul Job, he is a person has a dare to dream, take risk and make an impossible thing to happen possibility. One of the good example is he introduced Apple unique operating systems (IOS) that others competitors are not able to imitate, due to this Apple took over the competitive advantages toward other direct competitors and becoming the leader in the current technology market. Other than that, he also takes care of his employees. For instance, he provided good benefits toward his employee because Steve Jobs realized being a good leader we must have a good team. So that they only able put their blood, sweat and tears into Apple Inc. The characteristics of Steve Jobs that can be apply in my life when: First, I am too focus on create thousands of small products rather than dew big products or services. Second, I do not have dare to think big such as let everyone around the world knows my products and services and others situation. Third, I am too focusing on the career and forget the important values of friends and family members. The things that I learned from Steve Jobs role model is never give up until the end even failure occurs many times and must have a dare to dream, dare to take risks and make an impossible thing to happen possibility. Besides that, I also learned to love more friends and family and focus on the employees of the company because employees are the person who can help you manage all those things as well as put their blood, sweat and tears into the company. 3.0 Profile of the Present (Refer to appendix 9.2) 3.1Your Own Strengths and Weaknesses In this parts, I will describe my personal strengths and weaknesses after examine my personal behaviour and attitude. This consist six main parts to examine my personal behaviour and attitude which including commitment and determination, opportunity obsession, tolerance of risk, ambiguity and uncertainty, creativity, self reliance and ability to adapt, motivation to excel and leadership. After done answering personal behavior and attitude ranking, I realized that I have some strengths are shown below: I believe that I have these strength persistence solving problems because I will find the better solution no matter how long time are require to solve the problems. For example as computer science students, I believed that I have this characteristic because it plays an important role which can help me make the program more efficient and free of errors. Besides that, one of my goal need achieve in my future is to build own restaurant and introduce those special, delicious and unique food and beverage toward customers. Due to have this goal, I believe I have the advantages such as being market driven. I believe I have the advantages of patient. These characteristics know as is the most important characteristics to become are successful entrepreneur. Patience can be describing in term of solving unexpected conflicts and problems among the business partner, friends, family and so forth. Due to have few years of working experience I believed that I have this advantages because act as sales executive, it required higher level of patience in order to influence customer buying products or services from you rather than other competitors. A person must have of sense of awareness of weaknesses so that he or she can have more mature thinking. After that, I resigned sales executive position I choose continue further study at TARC College in order gain more knowledge such as skill of language ability, additional knowledge, better communication skill and so fort h. Nonetheless, there are a few weaknesses for myself. The weaknesses are as follows: I believed I am the person who has low tolerance of stress and conflict. This is because I will not able managing my stress in proper ways and it deeply affects my emotion. So that I required to do some exercise to release my stress such as jogging, travelling, and shopping and so forth. Communication is a basic skill to communicate with others person around the world. I admit I am the person who does not have strongly communication skills. So, in order to improve my communication I need attending some courses, seminar to improve my skills of communication. Furthermore, I do not have the knowledge of law such as corporations laws, contract law, calculation of the taxation, real estate law, copyright law and others. So, I need do more research and attending some course to improve my knowledge about rule and regulation of the country. In conclusion, attend some extra courses such as st ress management, communication skill, seminar which can help against my personality weaknesses. 4.0 Putting It All Together The feedbacks that I had received informally from my friends, parents are shown below: First feedback I had received I have leadership skills. For example I will able to lead my group members or partner when during assignment. Second feedback is about having a mind become entrepreneur. This is more important characteristics when becoming an entrepreneur. Third feedback I have received is about patience. Patience can be describe in term when doing something especially programming subject assignment because it require high level of patient because it required time to solve the errors and fix the bugs. My entrepreneurial strategies are shown follows: After getting Degree from TARC College, I plan to continue study to get my Master. Then becoming working adults for the IT filed company for the duration around three to six years to increase my personal knowledge such as skills of communication, leadership, problem solving and others relevant skills. After resign from t he position, I think I will have enough financial resources to build my own food and beverage business and in this time I will apply all my relevant knowledge and skills to the business and make the business more successfully and gain better reputation, competitive advantages and so forth. Once my businesses are stable and have good reputation and gain competitive advantages in the market, I will start franchises my business toward other people around the world. The requirements to become an entrepreneur are needed characteristics such as sacrifices, total immersion, heavy workload and long term commitment. I think I have met those characterises because I willing to sacrifices the time required when starting my own business and total immersion to the business in order make my business more successfully. The conflicts that I am anticipate between my aims and values and demand of entrepreneurship because become an entrepreneur it required some financial resources to operate the business and additional skills and knowledge such as language capability leadership skills, communication skills, problem solving skill and so forth. The chunks of experience that I would like to accumulate which included skills of financial management, communication, planning and leadership, decision making , conflict management skill and others. I believed that I will proceed with the current venture opportunity because that is an opportunity for me to changing my current life style, working hours and make me more have financial independent. The extra experiences I need to acquire are having characteristics decisiveness and tenacity so that I am not easily give up even through happen disagreement among business partners. The second experience I need to acquire is having better communication skills. Better communication skills are important to me because it can help me express my ideas in more correct way. 5.0 Thinking Ahead: Personal Entrepreneurial Strategy The goal to be accomplished by the time accomplish when I reach the age of seventy can be divided into short term, long term and final goal. My personal short term goal is continue my Master after graduate from TARC College. Purposes of continue study is to improved my personal knowledge, better communication skill and others relevant skills. My long term gaol become works as system engineer for the international company with the salary range around 4K-4.5K after graduate from master. It will give me gain more working experience before start my own business. After my own business is stable, I will start franchise my business around the world. My personal final goals are achieve financial freedom. It can be achieve by having luxury life style such as having luxury products, stay in luxury residential, and drive luxury cars. Besides that, I also want become successful entrepreneur and my business locate at anywhere around the world and let everyone know by personal histor y and act me as a roles model for the next generation. I also want establish one non-profit charity organisation toward the social and helps those people which are needed for our helping. The Goals I would like to accomplish if You Have Exactly One Year from Today continue my Master after graduate from TARC College. The real goal I would like to accomplish over my lifetimes completes my Master in science major in business information system. Second goal is start my own business and franchise the business around the world. Third goal is let everyone around the world no matter who they are also know my personal history and act me as a role model to them. We can say that every single goal have problems, obstacles and inconsistencies when we are trying to achieve. In my personal view, the top three goals I would like to achieve in my lifetimes are shown below: First goal completes my Master in science major in business information system. Problem that I may encounter is I may not enough financial to support when continue the Master. So, I will eliminate the financial problem by do some part time such as part time tutor in the university to support the necessary expenses. Second goal start my own business and franchise my business around the world. The problem that I may encounter I may not have sufficient financial resources when the time to start the business. So I will eliminate the problems by writing the business plan to find potential investor to invest my business. Third goal is establish charity organisation toward social. The problem I many encounter is I may not have extra time to manage the organisation. So, I will try to manage my time in more proper ways, in order establish the organisation. If possible, with the duration three years in Malaysia with the date from 24/2/2020 until 24/2/2023 I would like to start up my own business and start franchise my business around the world. The problems that I may be encounter included pers onal financial problems, disagreement among family members, conflict between the partners and others. The solution to solve my personal financial problem is borrowing loan either from government and/or bank; sell those expensive products such as cars. But the risk of the financial problems can be view by the loan has reject from the government and/or bank for approve the loan. The solution to solve the disagreement among family member is having better communicate with family member; explain to them about my personal ideas in proper way. The risk can be view by family members strongly disagree when I am starting to build my own business because the sentence Every beginning is harder. The solution to solve conflict between the partners is having better communication and interaction with partners before start doing every single works, because communication is the ways can reduce number of conflict and disagreement among partners. 6.0 Conclusion In conclusion, I believe I have the entrepreneurship characteristics and become the successful entrepreneur for the next 10- 15 years. So become Entrepreneur have their strengths and weaknesses. The strengths of become an entrepreneur are make a difference, enjoyable every single works have done and so forth. The weaknesses of entrepreneurs are uncertainty income, long hours and hard work and others. Long hours and hard works can be described in the sentences Every beginning is hard. In order to make the business more successful, it are required long hours of hard works. Since become an entrepreneur have many weaknesses, but it also cannot be a factors discourage me become an entrepreneur and build my own food and beverage business, because I would like change my current life style and become Top 100 entrepreneur around the world and act me as the roles model. 7.0 Self Reflection First of all, I would like to thanks TARC College offered ABDM4223 Entrepreneurship subject to their students. After done this Personal Entrepreneurial Strategy exercise I believe that I have the mind want become an entrepreneur and start my own business in the future. From part I, I have greater understand about personal personality such as the sources make me have greatest amount of personal satisfaction and dissatisfaction. From the idea generation part, I am more understood the attribute that motivate and discourage me enter the business. I also understand employees are main source that make From part II, I have better understand my personal strength and weaknesses through one exercise. In this exercise, I know well that my strengths are fulfilling the requirement to become an entrepreneur in the future. Besides that, I would like thank Law Tze Yong, the person that gives feedback about my personal. Due to the comment I had received from her, I know well my personal characteristics from their view point. From Part IV and V, I have setting some goals I need to be achieved in the short term period, long term period as well as my final goals. Due to this situation, I more understand what my future and work hard to achieve those goals. Lastly, I believe I have the potential become an entrepreneur in the future.

Vygotsky And Vygotsky s Theory Of Cognitive Development...

Instituto Modelo Almafuerte English and Its teaching Delvalle, Ailà ­n Florencia Thought and Language: independent processes. With the passing of time, the development of thought and language has been the object of study for psychologists such as Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. The former drastically influenced the study of thought and speech with his theory of cognitive development and his clinical method. The latter also made his contribution with his sociocultural theory. Although language and thought may be analysed as associate one to the other, both of them may be considered as independent and dynamic processes which belong to different roots. Considering the book Thought and Language by Lev Vygotsky, it might be possible to debunk the fundamental concepts of Piaget and Vygotsky’s theories and to expand on their main differences. As regards language, Piaget and Vygotsky coincided on the inkling that the development of language is an intricate interaction between a child and the environment. Both psychologists opined that when a child accomplishes the development of language, a system of symbols is created in order to help them comprehend the world. Nevertheless, they did not agree on how language and thought may interact in the development of a child. According to Jean Piaget, the cognitive development of a child activates the growth of language. Basically, that means that thought is going to appear before language. Besides, it might be claimed that cognitive developmentShow MoreRelatedVygotsky And Vygotsky Theories Of Learning1257 Words   |  6 PagesTheories of learning In this essay, I will compare and contrast jean Piaget and lev Vygotsky theories of learning. First, I will discuss Piaget followed by Vygotsky then I will compare and contrast both theorists. 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20th and 19th Century Music Comparison Free Essays

Comparative analysis of twentieth and nineteenth century orchestral work Musicology – Subtopic 1 I have decided to comparatively analyse the pieces; Piano Concerto No. 1 in D minor by Friedrich Kalkbrenner and Symphony no. 1 in G major by Felix Draeseke. We will write a custom essay sample on 20th and 19th Century Music Comparison or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fridrich Kalkbrenner’s composition, ‘Piano Concerto No. 1 in D minor’ is a nineteenth century work, and Felix Draeseke’s composition, ‘Symphony no. 1 in G major’ is a twentieth century work. As the aim of the task is to compare the two works, I have chosen to use the set format of columns to effectively distinguish these contrasts and/or similarities. PITCH Piano Concerto No. 1 in D minor by Friedrich Kalkbrenner | Symphony no. 1 in G major by Felix Draeseke| * Minor key * At the start of the piece, the string section comes in with a melodic sequence, shifting up 2 tones and then leaping down to the third note, creating a motif at the introduction. * The modal is sprightly rondo in the later half of the first movement. The piano soloist plays a light melody over an orchestral wash of colour. | * Major key * The start of piece is dominantly strings, with a woodwind instrument playing a floaty melodic sequence, again going in a downward sequence of steps. DURATION * Before any instrument comes in, there is a 14 second duration of a pause at the start of the piece. * Durational patterns of the chord changes near the start of the piece, tend to repeat themselves as the piece progresses. These chord changes, create temporary regularity and structure till the piece changes it’s durational patterns which can be found at; 34 seconds in, the chord transitions become metso staccato and then go into a sustained chord till the next change occurs. * From the excerpt I have taken out of this piece, which is; 0. 0-2. 00 seconds, the tempo throughout the entirety of this first movement is the same. The tempo of the rhythmic pulse through the entirety of this excerpt would be roughly, 120bpm. | * There are at least 2-3 melodic motifs occurring at the start of this piece being played by strings. * The most dominant melodic pattern consists of sustained chords, spanning out over a bar, sometimes even two. * The durability of the chords at the start of the piece are long and sustained, where as ‘Piano Concerto No. ’, the chords change fairly quickly, and the melody in turn, does too, in order to keep up. * The excerpt for this piece that I have chosen which is; 0. 00-2. 00 has a slow pulse to it. * The tempo of the general piece is quite slow, whereas ‘Piano Concerto No. 1’ is quite fast. | STRUCTURE * Split up into different movements. * With every new movement, comes a change in theme or dynamics. The pattern breaks and starts a new, or continues on. * Both pieces are separated into 3 movements. * Split up into different movements also. * The structure in these two songs are similar, except instrumental queues and performing media are played differently, causing the themes and patterns to vary, but still keeping a similar scaffold for the structure, the same in both pieces. | TEXTURE * Sea of orchestral instruments created dominantly by the strings, creating the background and foreground dominant melodies. The woodwind instruments seep in, creating another layer of sound. This creates further melodies, making the texture thicker, richer and making it sound like a wash of melodies. | * The instruments pile in, one by one, to a crescendo near the start of the piece. This also includes a thicker texture being created through the techniques in which the instruments are being playe d. * The texture would be described glistening and dazzling, with very little profundity. | TONE COLOUR * Some of the expressive techniques used in this piece include the piano solo played throughout the| * | How to cite 20th and 19th Century Music Comparison, Essay examples

THE SECOND AMENDMENT Essay Example For Students

THE SECOND AMENDMENT: Essay What Role Should The Government Play in Gun Control?A well regulated Militia,being necessary to the security of a free State,the right of the people to keep and bear Arms,shall not be infringed. Gun control is a real issue with Americans today. Many people have different opinions about how to handle our growing dilemma concerning guns. There are those who believe we should ban guns altogether and those who believe we should not ban or restrict the peoples right to own guns at all. Both sides have valid arguments, but neither side seems to know how to compromise because of their very different opinions. I personally believe guns should be banned. However, those against gun control have very good arguments. The Second Amendment was written because of the colonists fear of an all-powerful central government taking over, but there are many interpretations of how the Second Amendment reads. The court has never found the Second Amendment to clash with the Fourteenth Amendments Due Process clause which states that, No state shalldeprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law (McClenaghan 522). This gave each state the right to set up their own rules and regulations, which I believe, is one reason why we have the problems that we do. There have been four major cases heard by the Supreme Court which found that the fire-arm control laws are constitutional; United States v. Cruikshank (1986), Presser v. Illinois (1886), Miller v. Texas (1894), and the United States v. Miller (1939) (Strahinich 41). United States v. Miller was the most important. It supported a section of the National Firearms Act of 1934, basically stating that it is a crime to ship sawed off shotguns, machine guns, or silencers across state lines unless registered with the Treasury Department (McClenaghan 522). The United States already has more than twenty thousand gun laws, but they do not seem to be making an impact. The first American gun control laws were written before the Revolutionary War. The most effective and more recent laws have been the Gun Control Act of 1986 and the Brady Law. The Gun Control Act of 1986 has a lot of impact on our rights concerning firearms today. It requires federal licensing and inspection of dealers with new and stricter guidelines. It restricted the sale of ammunition and firearms between states and completely banned importing Saturday night specials. Citizens could no longer own destructive devices such as bazookas and machine guns (Strahinich 51). This mainly attempts to prohibit high risk groups from obtaining firearms. The Gun Control Act of 1986 created new and greater penalties for using firearms to commit federal crimes. The Brady Law of 1994 required a buyer to wait at least five days before receiving a handgun, therefore giving the seller adequa te time to do a background check. The opposition argues that since there are over two million handguns in circulation today it would be nearly impossible for every single buyer to be checked. Those gun control believe that neither the Brady Act nor the Gun Control Act of 1986 are strong enough. Its revision in 1998 expanded required waiting periods on handguns, to requiring waiting periods on all firearms (Netzley 32). Some have suggested limiting guns and ammunition. Virginia Governor Doug Wilder proposed limiting gun purchases to one per person per month (Roleff 65). However, in 1982 Kennesaw, Georgia created an ordinance that required every head of household to own a gun and ammunition (Strahinich 48). Washington DC has the countrys most extreme gun law. It states that No civilian may buy or carry a handgun, nor may any gun be kept assembled or loaded in ones home for self defense. Yet, Washington has one of the highest homicide rates in the United States (Roleff 47). It is my be lief that no single state can accurately decide what is best for the nation as a whole. It is said that any gun control measure that makes it harder to obtain guns would tend to produce more gun violence rather than less because the law abiding citizens will be defenseless against the criminal types. To gun control activists, repressive gun control laws are not at all effective. If anything, it will nurture the spread of firearms. Just look at how the repressive gun laws of Chicago, New York, and Washington DC sent responsible gun use underground. T.V. A Violent Baby-Sitter EssayOne issue frequently debated is gun violence that affects children. Each day in the United States fourteen children are killed in accidents, suicides, and homicides, and hundreds more are injured. Those against gun control claim that gun accidentsinvolving both children and adults have fallen since the 1970s (Roleff 66-67). One solution either way would be to teach our children about proper and responsible gun safety. Every year more than thirty four thousand Americans are killed with handguns in homicides, suicides, and accidents. Only three hundred are listed as justifiable homicide (Roleff 22-23). This category includes shooting a burglar, rapist, or mugger. Police kill close to 330 innocent people annually. Citizens kill only thirty people a year because they are mistaken for an intruder (Lott, 1-2). It has been proven that a gun in the home is forty three times more likely to kill its owner, a family member, or friend rather than an intruder (Roleff 23). In 1992, more people in Texas were killed by guns than car accidents (Roleff 25). Those who do not favor gun control argue that those figures do not include citizens whose lives were saved because an intruder was scared off by a gun. They claim that close to 82,000 people use firearms in defense for themself, someone else, or their property (Roleff 117). There are two basic approaches to controlling this problem. Either let everyone have access to guns, except those prohibited by law, or do not let anyone have a gun except those permitted, such as those in the line if duty or law enforcement officials. I personally believe that all handguns and assault weapons should be banned and destroyed with the exception of law enforcement officials and military. We might not be able to stop all of this gun violence but at least we can close loopholes that control the sale and distribution of guns in America. Next to automobiles, guns are the second most deadly consumer product on the market. There are over two hundred million guns in circulation today, compared to the mere fifty four million in 1950 (Roleff 142). Works CitedDolan, Edward, Margaret Scariano. Guns in the United States. New York, New York: Moffa Press, Incorporated, 1994. pp.. 29-30, 55. Lott, J.R. More Guns Less Crime. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press, 1998. pp.. 1-2. McClenaghan, William. American Government. Needham, Massachusetts: Prentice Hall, 1993. pp.. 489, 522. Netzley, P.D. Issues in Crime. Sandiego, California: Lucent Books Inc., 2000. pp.. 32Roleff, T.L. ed. Gun Control, Opposing Viewpoints. Sandiego, California: Greenhaven Press Inc., 1997. pp.. 22-23, 25, 45, 47, 65-67, 76, 85, 117, 142. Strahinich, Helen. Guns in America. United States: Walker Publishing Company, 1992. pp.. 41, 48, 51. http://www.alphadogweb.com/firearms/gun_control_is_a_nice_phrase.htm

Jamestown Essays (601 words) - Colonial Virginia, James River

Jamestown In June of 1606, King James I granted a charter to a group of London entrepreneurs, the Virginia Company, to establish a English settlement in the Chesapeake region of North America. By December, 104 male settlers sailed from London instructed to settle Virginia, and find gold and a water route to the Orient. According to a list published by Captain John Smith, Gentlemen made up about half of the group, whose gentle birth suggests they knew nothing of or thought it their personal duty to tame a wilderness. The rest were artisans, artisans, and laborers. On May 13, 1607, the Virginia Company explorers chose to settle on Jamestown Island, along the James River 60 miles from the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. By one account, they landed there because the deep water channel let their ships ride close to shore; close enough, to tie them to the trees. Almost immediately the colonists were under attack from the Algonquian natives. In a little over a months' time, the newcomers managed to build a wooden fort. Three contemporary accounts and a sketch of the fort agree that its wooden palisade walls formed a triangle around a storehouse, church, and a number of houses. While disease, famine and continuing attacks of neighboring Algonquians took a tremendous toll on the population, the eventual structured leadership of Captain John Smith kept the colony from dissolving. The starving time winter followed Smith's departure in 1609 during which only 60 of the original 500 settlers survived. That June, the survivors decided to bury cannon and armor and abandon the town. It was only the arrival of the new governor, Lord De La Ware, and his supply ships that brought the colonists back to the fort and the colony back on its feet. Then when Pocahontas, the favored daughter of the Algonquian chief Powhatan, married tobacco entrepreneur John Rolfe, some years of peace followed. The first representative assembly in the New World convened in the Jamestown church on July 30, 1619. The other crucial event that would play a role in the development of America was the arrival of Africans to Jamestown. A Dutch slave trader exchanged his cargo of Africans for food in 1619. The Africans became servants. The Algonquians eventually became unhappy again, and in 1622, attacked the out plantations killing over 300 of the settlers. Even though a last minute warning spared Jamestown, the attack on the colony and mismanagement of the Virginia Company at home convinced the King that he should revoke the Virginia Company Charter. Virginia became a crown colony in 1624. The fort seems to have existed into the middle of the 1620s, but as Jamestown grew into a New Town to the East, written reference to the original fort disappear. Jamestown remained the capital of Virginia until its major statehouse, located on the western end of the APVA property, burned in 1698. The capital was moved to Williamsburg that year and Jamestown began to slowly disappear above ground. In 1893 Jamestown was owned by Mr. And Mrs. Edward Barney. The Barneys gave 22 ? acres of land, including the 1639 church tower, to the APVA. By this time James River erosion had eaten away the island's western shore; visitors began to conclude that the site of James Fort lay completely underwater. With federal assistance, a sea wall was constructed in 1900 to protect the area from further erosion. The remaining acreage on the island was acquired by the National Park Service in 1934 as part of the Colonial National Historical Park. Today, Jamestown is jointly operated by the APVA and NPS. History Reports

State Sanctioned Intimacy

State Sanctioned Intimacy Introduction The state plays a major role in defining the lives of people based on formulated legislature. As such, our general behavior and character is to some extent detected by the state in order to avoid contradiction of the existing law. This is quite important in ensuring that citizens adopt norms that are not only acceptable but also which are enshrined and supported by the state regulations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on State Sanctioned Intimacy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, in addressing this issue, the epicenter of the discussion has always tried to understand the boundaries within which state operations ought to operate. The essay begins by defining intimacy and seeks answer as to whether our intimate relationships be controlled by the state? Is private life part of a state affair? Can sanctions be imposed based on one’s intimate associations? These are examples of issues addressed i n this paper which analytically expounds on some of the consequences of state sanctioned intimacy. Public Life Intimacy is understood as a flimsy form of communication, it can be defined as the close and the warm relationship and which in most circumstance is private and personal and belongs to an individual’s deepest nature. Intimacy is conventionally applied in romantic coexistence and it is defined in terms of feelings and emotions. Intimacy varies based on the degree of the relationship. Intimacy is expressed in both heterosexual and homosexual relationship. Intimate relationships are viewed by majority of people as private engagements which solely affects the lives of the parties which are directly involved. On the other hand, it has been arguably noted that sometimes whatever is perceived to be private may find its way into the public with considerable impact. An understanding of public affairs and what legally falls outside the jurisdiction of our private lives is esse ntial and consequential. In explaining this concept, Warner argued that public refers to a sense of social totality within the society. It may refer to people organized in states, commonwealth or some form of community with a wide variation of differences (Warner, 2002, p. 49). It therefore includes all individuals within the organized space of discussion. Warner further noted that a group of people may have its own organized structures independent of existing state institution, citizen frameworks and law. Similarly, it may be considered sovereign with regard to the functioning of the state.Advertising Looking for essay on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In his 2002 survey, Warner further echoed that common interests exist in the public domain, an element that is profound significant in formation of associations and relationships. What of intimate interests? Do they form part of the public? Private Li fe and the State Throughout human history, there have existed laws which criminalize intimate relationships among people of either same or opposite sex orientation. Extreme cases of such ideologies have led to brutal persecution and discrimination. According to Dominica Central Newspaper articles published mid this year, there are countless laws which criminalize private lives of people in the world with double emphasis being put on their sexuality. Such laws whether public or private undermine development progress towards democracy, peace and security (Dominica Central Newspaper, 2011). Criminalizing Same Sex Intimacy Same sex relationships are intimate in a manner that they emanate from strong affection and attraction between two parties. There have been bans imposed on these relationships in most parts of the world thus leaving victims in a state of societal seclusion.In addition, sanctioning of intimate relationship significantly affects the relationship of the affected people w ith the rest of the society (Dominica Central Newspaper, 2011). How many employers would be willing to hire a person who is known to be a lesbian or gay when the government has outlawed such relationships? Queer Minority According to Gregg’s argument, discrimination of the queer minorities in Australia affects the lives of many. Together with the black communities, they face widespread segregation form the state making them susceptible (Gregg, 2007, par. 3). She concurred with Berlant who affirmed that the conservative nature of the American people had played a major role in shaping the mind and attitude of people towards the minorities. According to Berlant, the intimacy of people is sacred, proper and is only meant for family members (Berlant, 1997, p. 2). The main consequence of such a notion is that it transforms the primary role of politics as a conservation tool to a judgment mechanism that targets the private life of the society.Advertising We will write a cust om essay sample on State Sanctioned Intimacy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is therefore clear that the state which represents heteronormative culture may use crude and inhuman strategies to enhance change of culture that denies both federal and judicial support as they are viewed unethically fit for their existing citizenship (Gregg, 2007, par. 4). In addition, segregation of people with different sexual orientation continues to undermine hundreds if not thousands of Australians who lack state recognition and support. In her 2007 research, Gregg identified a list of ways in which same sex couples are discriminated in the contemporary society. Among these included but not limited to social security, compensation, children bearing and work and taxation (Gregg, 2007, par.11). These contribute to the continuous mundane treatment of people engaged in state-sanctioned intimacy. Furthermore, encounters with gays indicate that their fight agai nst discrimination does not target making them special in the society but equal with the rest of the population (Gregg, 2007, par.12). They believe that that they are hated not because of being in love but because of their sexuality and whom they have chosen to share intimacy with contrary to the state’s wish. It is however important to double emphasize the fact that individual’s sexual relationships determine their intimate decisions. Among the facts generated by debates on sexuality and intimate relationships is the fact that feelings tend to be natural and an artificial intention to eliminate such feelings would contravene human rights. In this perspective many authors and researchers have tried to explain marriage structures within the context of monogamy and polygamy. Is polygamy unethical or should the campaign against monogamy be intensified? Why do people cheat in marriage? The question of the state’s intervention in such cases has always triggered contr oversial stances within the public domain. In her 2010 analysis, Wood focused on the issue of infidelity and why millions of married couples sign up for online dating sites. Love and intimacy are personal decisions and the choice to move out of a relationship could arise when such affection dies (Wood, 2007, par. 19).Advertising Looking for essay on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to the founder of ashleymadison.com, the tendency of people having extramarital affairs is so common that running a dating website alone would not promote the spread of the behavior. This questions the legality of having state-sanctioned intimacy as it contradicts natural feelings of humanity which are expressed through loving others (The Marriage Debate, 2007). Monogamy and Intimacy According to Rosa (1994), compulsory heterosexual relationships do not represent a complete package of addressing sexuality in a contemporary society. Monogamy requires that both lesbians and heterosexuals have to consider adopting a lifestyle that is far beyond sexual relationships (Rosa, 1994, p. 106). She argued that the push for anti-monogamy aims at addressing the rights of people like gays and lesbians who may have not subscribed to heterosexuality. If the theory of family only recognizes mothering women and child bearing, then it does not appreciate the existence of childless women and lesbians who live among us. It is possible to live a complete life without necessarily having to bear children as perceived by the society today. As analyzed by Rosa, love is independent of any social interference or state sanctions since it emanates from individualized feelings towards others. Nevertheless, the society does not recognize those who express their intimacy outside the context of heterosexual relationships. She further noted that love exists in variations mainly depending on whom the feelings are being directed to. This ranges from family members to non biological friends. As such, romantic love between women simply signifies strong affection and intimacy as experienced by those in monogamous relationships. In a general perspective, enjoying intimacy has been perceived to be unlawful resulting into sanctions by the state or negative attitude from the public. However, intimacy can equally be enjoyed without cheating. How possible can this be? Through relationships and p artnerships, men and women share romantic feelings. Singlehood can also be enjoyable in allowing individuals to derive comfort from their inner being. Additionally, serial monogamy illustrates how intimate partnerships form important components of individual lives and deserve no state-sanction (Easton Liszt, 1997, p. 50). As deduced from above segments, sexual persecutions exist in various ways in not only Australia but in most parts of the world. In fighting for the rights of asylum refugees, discrimination of people based on their sexual orientation dominates the issue. It explains how refugees experience intimate relationship through queer practices defining their individual sexuality. Gay Marriages Gay unions which fall in the category of same sex marriages invoke reactions across the plane. Although many states have gone ahead to ban these relationships, some analysts approach the issues differently. Lindenberger argued that the definition of marriage does not consider the rig hts of gays in recognizing their existence and rights. To realize equality between the gays and straight, both need to be recognized as civil unions (Lindenberger, 2010). According to Bernstein and Schaffner (2005), gay marriages which have been sanctioned by several states can provide room for those involved to assume gender roles as they share their intimacy. Protection of these marriages does not primarily target the existence of equal rights but guards an institution which promises nothing but intimacy in life (Bernstein Schaffner, 2005, p. 240). Consequences of State Sanctioned Intimacy State sanctioned intimacy has several consequences. These consequences may be positive or negative. The consequences of state sanctioned intimacy can have adverse effect individually and society wise. All these are explained in the following subsequent sub-sections. Positive Consequences The society generally views homosexuals as unfit to not only offer their professional services but also to i nteract with other people. As a result, they become inactive in the society and eventually unproductive to a level of not being able to meet their needs. Moreover, there exists no category of persecution based on the sexuality of a person regardless of their origin (Raj, 2010). Australia recognizes sexuality as a form of persecution although this has been met with the challenge of defining a social group within which this recognition applies. Negative Consequences Criminalization and debates on homophobic societies have triggered discrepancies with most people including leaders making statements which completely undermine and belittle the rights of these people as human beings (Herzfeld, 2005, p. 50). How does this affect the society? When the state or states agents fail to consider the wider space to exercise one’s sexuality, the ultimate effect is predominantly felt by the victims. This may also apply when the state prohibits certain aspects of human sexuality say, lesbiani sm or gay marriages. Although ignored by some people, researchers do concur that there are millions of people who silently suffer as a result of such inflammatory statements and regulatory approaches towards sexuality and intimate relationships. Because of existing attitudes, women have continuously been forced into heterosexuality unions making them vulnerable to sexual abuse and inability to experience their intimacy with those they love. In discussing the issue of lesbianism and heterosexual relationships, Rosa reiterated that friendships among women have received negative press. This has led to the neglecting of the sexual rights of women as bounded by intimacy. It therefore means that having intimate feelings among women does not insinuate promiscuity and casual sex behavior but a response towards natural feelings of love (Rosa, 1994, p. 106). As a direct impact of sanctioned intimacy, many people find themselves poor and dependent. This does not originate from the fact that em ployers ignore them. Rejection from family members is common rendering them homeless and desolate. Similarly, medical care and food may become a major problem leading to starvation and inability to live a normal life. Encompassed with denial of employment and homelessness, victims of state-sanctioned intimacy become vulnerable to countless risky situations including drug abuse and irresponsible sexual behavior that may lead contraction of HIV and other related infections (Dominica Central Newspaper, 2011). Conclusion It is evident from the above discussion that intimate relationships play a pivotal role in the society. Intimacy is believed to be away of sharing love which is a major ingredient in social bonding and partnerships. As a matter of fact, love has been used as a marketing strategy by several organizations resulting into improved performance (Gregg, 2011, par. 3). Nevertheless, the political power of love remains threatened by states, families and corporations which do not appreciate it. In harnessing singularities, love gives identity which forms the basis of social relationships. The immense support and emphasis which is put on marriage illustrates change in discourses under capitalistic politics (Povinelli, 2006, p. 190). Intimate relationships mean deflection from material possessions. In general, intimacy is not only a complex concept but important in determining social unions. It is founded on principles of natural strong affection. As a result, sanctions by the state undermine citizens’ sexuality rights. References Berlant, G. L. (1997) The queen of America goes to Washington city: essays on sex and citizenship. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. Bernstein, E Schaffner, L. (2005) Regulating sex: the politics of intimacy and identity. London, UK: Routledge. Dominica Central Newspaper. (2011) State Sanctioned Homophobia Undermines Citizenship Security. Web. Easton, D. Liszt, C. (1997) The Ethical Slut: A Guide to Infinite Se xual Possibilities. Emeryville, California: Greenery Press. Gregg, M. (2007) Normal Homes. Web. Gregg, M. (2011) The Break-Up: Hardt and Negri’s Politics of Love. Journal of Communication Inquiry. University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. Web. Herzfeld, M. (2005) Cultural intimacy: social poetics in the nation-state. London, UK: Routledge. Lindenberger, M. A. (2009) A Gay-Marriage Solution: End Marriage? Web. Povinelli, E. A. (2006) The empire of love: toward a theory of intimacy, genealogy, and carnality. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. Raj, S. (2010) Displaced subjectivities: the queer refugee body in law. Web. Rosa, B. (1994) Anti-monogamy: Radical Challenge to Compulsory Heterosexuality. Challenges for Feminism. London, UK: Taylor Francis. The Marriage Debate. (2007) Should State-Sanctioned Marriage Exist at All? Web. Warner, M. (2002) â€Å"Public and Private†. Public Culture Winter 14(1): 49-90. Web.

Case Study - Strategic Leadership Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

- Strategic Leadership - Case Study Example The Japanese manufacturers of DRAMS had a strategy of investing in manufacturing which gave them a manufacturing cost advantage compared to Intel. Japanese competitors were much faster in developing process technologies and improving yields as compared to Intel and this significantly contributed to its dramatic decline in market share in the DRAM market during the period mentioned above. As an executive leading a DRAMS producer between 1974 and 1984, I would certainly take certain steps as going to be outlined below in response to the changing trends in the industry. First and foremost, I would embark on a drive to combine both memory capacity and single power feature as one entity of the DRAM. The emergency of the Japanese competitors heralded a new trend whereby their DRAMS had a larger memory capacity compared to Intel which gave them a competitive advantage over Intel. However, Intel had a unique single power feature which could not be found on products produced by the other comp etitors. Against this background, I would strive to combine these two features into one component so as to appeal to many customers. This would make the DRAMs manufactured by the company I would be heading more unique compared to the others produced by the Japanese competitors. ... First and foremost, I would embark on market research so as to be better positioned to stay abreast with all the changes taking place in the market. Indeed, the environment in which business operates is dynamic and is subject to change hence I will prioritise market research so as to stay ahead and better positioned to know the changing tastes of the customers. Through conducting market research, I will be better positioned to anticipate the needs of the customers hence manage product development with full knowledge of what will appeal to the customers from different market segments. I will also embark on a drive to improve on production while at the same time retaining uniqueness of the products offered. I would seek to gain a cost advantage through devising means of production that will lower the production costs. Lowering the production cost will greatly help in increasing the revenue generated for the organisation as this will entail that less money will go towards production cos ts. I will also emphasize on maintaining of uniqueness of the products offered so as to appeal to a wide number of customers. This will enable me to lead the organisation to be a low cost producer with high value option. 4. I would definitely pursue branding strategy in DRAMs for different marketing purposes. Basically, branding is mainly concerned with creation of an identity of the product that will distinguish it from the other products offered in the market. In DRAMs, this strategy will definitely give a competitive advantage given that there are many players in the industry and as noted above, the competition is stiff. A brand strategy that is

Nursing assigment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nursing assigment - Essay Example Bearing these in mind, the significance of evidence-based practice is highly valuable in proving that health practices are safe for the public and cost-effective. In this paper, barriers and possible resolution of gaps between nursing research and their application are tackled, as well as their utilization through standardized clinical guidelines in relevantly managing smoke cessation in clinical settings. Discrepancies in Evidence-Based Practice Despite the long emergence of concepts in evidenced-based practice in health care sectors, success in fully translating research outcomes into care practices seemed lagging in progress. At large, four main sectors contextually represent the barriers to research employment: â€Å"health-care professional related, organizational-related, research related, and presentation-related† (Chau, Lopez, & Thompson, 2008, p.640). Each division indicates specific areas of clinical problems that probably weaken health professionals in fully respond ing to the positive sides brought about by solid research results. Health-care associated factors may range from personal demographics (educational level, social and economic status), personal characteristics and values, such as knowledge seeking behaviors to further one’s practice. With organizational barriers, these comprise viewpoints of affiliated institutions on its commitment to research adaptation and dissemination, facility maintenance, hierarchical culture and authority for change, administrative support, and lack of opportunities to develop and acquire research resources. As of research-related interference and presentation, types and comprehensiveness of research contents affect professional perceptions, including comparison of previous and present research for results and conflicting thoughts. As such, there is increased tendency to reject research composition and presentation should data fail to meet practical health needs of clinical personnel that research team s aim at satisfying. In more ways, the concerted results of practical nursing barriers create disparities that may unintentionally provide nurses with concrete excuses not to change their old ways. Common among perceived nursing barriers to full research application are said to be generated from organizational, and professionally-related factors. Funk, Tornquist and Champagne (1995, p.397) emphasized â€Å"insufficient authority to (clinical practice) change...and insufficient time to implement new ideas† as primary sources of research to practice discrepancies. The prevailing culture of inflexible organizational structures in most clinical institutions restricts the attitude of change and resource availability in such settings. Elaborately, it also affects sufficiency of time required to search, read, and substantially absorb relevant information from research journals and related materials. To top these off, Cummings, et al. (2007, p.S33) revealed the nature of occupation n urses suffers, where most of the time, exhaustion in both physical and emotional aspects reduce their quality of professional care. There is difficulty, then, to acquire suitable skills in search for relevant studies due

Legal Education Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal Education - Personal Statement Example I intend to join for a master's degree in law, to further expand my knowledge base on the subject. Law is comparatively a new discipline in the university and an emerging interest is being shown in this field recently. In the post globalization era, with its advancements in various fields, age old concepts are becoming obsolete and there is a rising awareness of human rights, as well as the rights to a fair trial and defense, are becoming highly significant in nations across the world, including Saudi Arabia. Hence I expect that at this juncture if I pursue my higher studies in law, I will not only be able to attain a good job but also will be able to contribute greatly to my nation and my people.I understand that imparting justice to everybody irrespective of race, religion, gender, and nationality is a noble duty. Every human deserves to receive justice and I will make sure that I can intervene whenever I see injustice in the society and protect the rights of my fellow citizens. By pursuing a master’s degree in law, I will be able to gain adequate knowledge and skills in this subject, which I can use for practical application when I take up law as a profession. Besides, I will also be able to teach the coming generation who will be interested in studying this subject.My final ambition is to attain a Ph.D. in law in the long run. Once I obtain a post graduate degree, I will be able to get a good job in this field, where I can gain the practical experience which will broaden my skills.

Factors Affecting Consumer Buying Preferences

Factors Affecting Consumer Buying Preferences The definition of consumer buying behavior by Kotler describes a person who buys goods and services for their individual needs as for Peter and Olson, (1993) say that consumer behavior is simply an interaction between peoples moods, feeling and affections. The study of purchaser performance has evolved in early prominence of rational choice to focus on irrational buying behavior and the use of logical models to understand the consumers mind set. From the very beginning, researches have been carried out; to replica the effects of advertising mix variables such as income, social groups, lifecycle stage, buyers impulse and access to media, however gradually, the variables affecting consumer behavior kept ever-increasing as researchers came across new factors affecting behavior. Numerous models have been formed to understand consumer behavior, which have been modified, discarded, criticized upon, adjusted, and used over the years. The latest approaches have come up with many consumer behavior models to understand the motivation behind the purchase, information processing model (Bettman 1979) according to this theory the consumer is viewed as a logical thinker who makes purchase decisions. The variety of models thus now includes stochastic models, mathematical models, sociological models, psychological models, economic models and business models; all to define consumer for the manufacturers and service providers. The black box model of human behavior is forever unpredictable; the model has been named as black box, suggesting human mind is like the black hole of the universe. The model revolves around responses of consumers to different stimuli. The model aims to list factors that can define buying decisions by explaining human behavior. Formerly a lot of study has been conducted to identify the consumer response to various marketing strategies, what makes the consumers actually go and buy a product. There have been studies to measure the factors that affect consumer buying behavior. Studies and theories have also been conducted against organization buying behavior (Webster, JR., Fredericke, and Yoram Wind, 1972). Studies have also been conducted to see the long term effect of some factors such as income, age and gender on consumer behavior and how these factors were seen in post purchase and post purchase behavior. Studies related to interpersonal factors and personal factors have also showed a correlation between consumer behavior and these variables. Measurement of Consumer Susceptibility to Interpersonal Influence (William O. Bearden, and E. Tee, 1989) they had developed a two-dimensional measure of informational and normative interpersonal influence and examined its reliability and validity. A 12-item, two- fact or scale was developed with factors counting to interpersonal influence, susceptibility, value expression, informational influence and self esteem. A questioner was administered and five different studies were conducted to out figure the relationship of normative and informational influences measures of attention-to-social-comparison information (ATSCI) susceptibility to interpersonal influence. The results corresponded as ATSCI was expected to correlate strongly with normative factors then with informational measures, the limitations to their study was more work had to be done in the area of interpersonal influences to further make their scale more reliable. Social Comparison Information: An Individual Difference Factor Affecting Consumer Conformity (William, 1990) attention-to-social-comparison-information (ATSCI) is identified as a variable that can help separate personal from social reasons that influence consumer behavior. The variables involved in this study were neuroticism and fear of negative assessment. If a person scores high on ATSCI, they are well attentive of what people around him think, and thus his decisions are affected by external factors. The papers lay out different studies that were carried out to find out the level to which the clients are sensitive to social cues involving their purchase and consumption patterns. These studies stated that measure of ATSCI is internally constant. The paper thus concludes that the ATSCI internal measurement is consistent valid and reliable. This paper thus reinforces the previous studies which helped identify social reason as one of the main factors affecting consumer behavior. It mo ves on to identify a measure which can help marketers to identify to what scale the social factors affect consumer choices, and thus a combination of strategies can be concluded out from the findings to cater to consumers in their specific market. ATSCI is concerned with normative influences that effect the persons perception in making a decision the study of Normative Influences on Impulsive Buying Behavior (Dennis W. Rook Robert J. Fisher, 1995) explains that normative views are accompanied by a view that spin around large impulsive spending that put forwards that consumer normative evaluations have the potential to manipulate their buying patterns. Consumers impulsive buying traits depends on their normative judgments. The study evaluated consumers impulsive traits with consumer buying behavior, thirty five items measuring buyers impulsiveness were measured by looking at the literature of impulsive buying phenomenology (e,g, Rook 1987). The results explain the hypothesizes that consumers with higher normative values act absolutely well with the degree of impulsive buying traits they posses example even consumers with low cash reserves tend to buy products on impulsive due to their normative influences. The limitations to th is study propose another study suggesting that even when an impulsive purchase is viewed as bad they are still likely to buy things on their impulsive traits due to their normative backgrounds. The normative influences consists of social factors, when a person tries to copy someones judgments worry about societal impressions as compared to informational influences they consist of gaining the knowledge through family friends and option leaders and then making a comprehensive decision to buy a product. The lifecycle stage of a person influences the buying decisions they make which in return reflect the informational influences as well, in Family Members Perceptions of Adolescents Influence in Family Decision Making (Ellen R. Foxman Patriyas. Tansuhaj Karin. Ekstrom, 1989) they demonstrate that the changes in demographics of a house hold structure have shifted towards childrens impact on their parents decisions. There are limited studies that have dealt with the extent of influence children have on family. (Atkin 1978; Belch, Belch, and Ceresino 1985; Darley and Lim 1986; Moschis and Mitchell 1986; Roberts, Wortzel, and Berkeley 1981). Children from all ages were tested to see which age of adolescent effects the most in purchase decisions. They survey with different consumer related items that a family buys, expensive and complex items were chosen because almost most of them have been used in the previous husband and wife decision related studies. Influence on decision process related to five different areas ranging from price, taking part in shopping, suggesting super markets, suggesting different products and paying attention to new products being launched. Multi-trait/multi- method analysis (MTMM; Campbell and Fiske 1959) was use to find patterns of discrepancy among purchase decisions. The study showed the results that mother, father and children all had a significant role in the decision process; the study suggested that spouses decisions were closely linked with each other as compared to their children. Two directions for further research concern the connection between supposed influence in purchase process and supposed influence for unambiguous pr oducts, as well as measurement of house hold decision making needs to be clear. From house hold family decisions researchers have also introduced different theories related to consumer buying behaviors all these theories consist of different factors such as culture, social, personal and physiological. Social factors are considered one of the most important factors that influence consumer behavior. In a research paper, Social Factors in Consumer Choice: Replication and Extension (Gordon, 1975) the studies of Rich and Jain (1968) are challenged which concluded that life cycle stages and social class may not have a direct relation with consumer behavior as many studies point out. The paper uses empirical methods to stand against the general hypothesis; a sample was generated using the random walk sampling method, the main aim being replicating the methods of Rich and Jain but extending the product categories from fashion to food items and domestic appliances. With independent variables, social class and family life cycle, Rich and Jain used dependent variables like different interest in fashion, where do they get there shopping influences and interpersonal influences and the Newcastle study used pre-purchase information, the shopping trips people made and different patterns of interpersonal behavior. The country of origin also differed among the two experiments. Rich and Jains first hypothesis was that there is no difference between different social classes in pre purchase decisions about domestic appliance, as if there was a difference. A very small quantity of the inferior and middle class used newspapers as source of information compared to the high proportion of the upper class. This dissimilarity may be because of the different products that were used in both researches. The second hypothesis stated that there is a difference between classes when it comes to shopping trips, which was refuted since percentages showed that there was a difference between lower and middle classes since trips of shopping were greater in number for the latter. The third hypothesis which was challenged by this replication of study was that there is no difference between women at different life cycle stage when it comes to shopping for groceries, which however is not true, since women over 40 tended to shop more than younger women, plus the presence of children also increased shopping trips for housewives. The fourth and last hypothesis stated that there is no difference in classes with respect to acquaintances on shopping habits. The study showed that lower class seemed to discuss their purchases with their husbands and other family members compared to middle class women who mainly shopped on their own. This paper thus concludes that there may be a lot of reasons that caused this diversity in results, like the area where the research was conducted, the definition of class and the products that were different from one another. Both researches thus had their limitations, its thus obvious that these researches cannot be generalized to all pr oducts and all kinds of consumers, however in their area of focus they may provide insight for firms dealing in that product and area. Social Class and Income as Indicators of Consumer Credit Behavior (John, 1970) is another study which further tested social class as a main factor influencing consumer behavior in the credit card market compared to another important factor, income. The researcher said that the consumer would go for installments if they differ in different social classes. Although social class is considered as a very significant factor while segmenting consumers, and the hypothesis stated that being involved in a social class above their income standing would result in greater use of credit card. A questionnaire was sent out to 25000 credit card holders which used occupation and educational level as variables that comprise social class. The survey helped conclude that consumers attitudes can be understood by income and social class. This study is limited to credit card users, however it helps identify income as another important factor which can be used to segment consumers and identify their differin g buying habits. According to the communication note (Gordon, 1975) social class was the main reason why consumer buying habits changed, but in this paper, it is income which may be a reason why the use of credit cards differs. This study is again not all encompassing, as it cannot go on and explain the correlation of income and social class. Social factors are important but they need to be persistent with the marketing and advertising so the marketers can gain some understanding of their target groups. In a study of Coca-Cola or Pepsi; that is the Question ( Andersson, and Arvidsson ,2006) the researcher have studied the influence of different cultural, social, personal influence, media variables on consumer buying behavior. With these factors they also studies the brand equity of Coco Cola and Pepsi with various factors such as brand strength, brand performance etc. They also looked at sponsored events with celebrity endorsement campaigns. They used the quantitative approach as their methodology by using questioners they gathered information specific to Coco Cola and Pepsi consumers, trying to know what drives people to have Coke or Pepsi. They divided there sample in three different age groups and saw the life cycle stage of every respondent. The conclusion they reached was that their analysis, that they have drawn sho ws the following conclusion that advertising, social factors, brand and age all affect consumer preferences to some extent. The limitations to this study were that the researcher had preconceived notion about Pepsi and Cokes advertisement however there research focused more on advertisement as compared to other cultural and social factors. Reference groups and formal groups form part of the social factor that influences consumer buying behavior. In Social Comparison and Informal Group Influence(George, 1976), according to a theory of Festinger which states that individual have a habit of comparing themselves with others and see the consequence of their behaviors. With social comparison ones evaluation about themselves increases or decreases and due to this people give themselves internal rewards. A consumer can thus use two ways to approach his group, either through a reflected appraisal, or through a comparative appraisal. The study was carried out by sending out questionnaires to 408 females who used cosmetics. The hypothesis that were tested by this survey was that is a positive relationship between consumers communication with informal groups and a need to obtain information from them, secondly, theres a positive relationship with the credibility of the source and thirdly the greater the consumer is associated with the group the greater the influence on purchase decision. The information gathered supported all of the above hypothesis, thus the findings can be useful for marketers in the sense that if they want to penetrate a market, they need to find out if similar characteristics exist in it, since consumers then are significantly exaggerated by the behavior of their social group, or people they find are similar to them. However, this study cannot be used by the marketers who cant operate in such a market where no similarities among customers. Social factors such as price, quality, product attributes and other factors influence a persons mind set for purchase decisions. Explaining the Choice of Organic Produce: Cosmetic Defects, Prices, and Consumer (Gary D. Thompson and Julia Kidwell, 1998) explains how consumers decision differ in buying organic or normal quality products. The researcher used random utility and discrete choice models to see how consumers choose between organic verses a predictable product. Choice between the two items was measured on a scale of price, attributes of the product as well as a persons income, quality of the product and traits of random components, Data was collected through observation of two utility stores in different areas the loyalty towards a store was also looked upon. Information about the consumers demographics and social economic status was also gathered. Researcher wanted to gather that does cosmetic defect in items, price or other factors motivated the consumer to buy organic or conventional items. Some significant results were deduced that age and gender has little significance, however house hold with more children bough organic food. Effects of education on organic food purchase were mixed, the store choice played an important factor in the decision process, nevertheless there were some restrictions to the learning there was geographical concerns, and further studies related to organic produce needs to conduct. All these researches however focus on consumers as the target market, few pieces of literature are found on industry buyers as their area of focus. A General Model for Understanding Organizational Buying Behavior (Frederick, 1972) provides a general model to help understand organizational buying behavior. According to the paper, organization buying decision is a process which involves interacting with other people. The organization is thus affected by four main factors; individual, social, organizational, and environmental. Organizational buying decision is a process rather than a single act and is way more complex. This paper devolves a model called skeleton identifying the major variables that must be selected for planning strategies. The model however fails to point out which factor takes precedence over another, and thus it is obvious that organizational buying behavior is an area needs more detailed analysis, which can help firms point out the glitches in the general model and c reate a more comprehensive model for planners. Many theories have been provided above with the researches point of views on how to interpret consumers buying behavior patterns, what consumers do when they purchase a product. More research needs to be carried out in Consumer Behavior physiology under separate variables to see which variables effects the most in consumer physiology. Different views and some consumer related models need to be test more to gain a deeper understanding of the consumers mind set. By focusing more on consumers reasons to purchase a product, marketers can gain a deeper understanding of the consumer, which will help them in capturing their target market. Judgment making needs to be simplified for marketers, which can only happen if adequate information is presented regarding consumer buying behavior. REFERENCES http://www.jstor.org/stable/1250972 http://www.jstor.org/stable/2489047 http://www.jstor.org/stable/2489543 http://www.jstor.org/stable/2489616 http://www.jstor.org/stable/1244500 (Eva-Lena Andersson ,Evelina Arvidsson ,Cecilie Lindstrà ¶m )Coca-Cola or Pepsi; that is the Question A study about different factors affecting consumer preferences http://www.jstor.org/stable/3150733 http://www.jstor.org/stable/2489457 http://www.jstor.org/stable/2489544 http://www.jstor.org/stable/1250840

biodiversity Essay -- essays research papers

"BIODIVERSITY" Biodiversity, as defined by E.O. Wilson, "is meant to be all inclusive- it's the genetic based variation of living organisms at all levels, from the variety of genes in populations of single species, through species, on up to the array of natural ecosystems." This includes plants, animals, insects, fungi, bacteria, and all microorganisms. All of these things create what is known as a web. These things interact with each other in some way there for they depend on one another throughout their lifetime. There are many separate ways in which we can study biodiversity. These ways include, genetic, species, community, ecosystem, and taxonomic diversity. Biodiversity can be best number of species in a given area, or scientifically, "species richness." Today there is a biodiversity crisis facing us. This is caused mainly by the destruction of habitats. This dramatically increases the rate at which species decrease in number and become extinct. It is appalling to know that we are the main cause of this. Over fishing, pollution, over cutting, and an increase in population contribute to this problem. An example of this is the gold mining operation that we saw in the video. While mining, Mercury was dripping into the water. The mercury then got into the fish and into the humans who ate the fish. Biodiversity promotes a healthy environment. Environments...